Apart from being an obvious health hazard, black mold sitting on drywall is unsightly and can indicate a water leak or indoor humidity problem. Here we will discuss methods for removing black mold from both finished and unfinished drywall. However, before taking any such steps, the cause of the problem first needs to be addressed.
Topics Covered
- What causes mold on drywall?
- Assessing the severity of mold infestation on drywall
- How to safely remove mold from drywall
- Preventive measures
What causes mold on drywall
Mold on drywall is typically caused by the presence of excessive moisture and high humidity levels. Here are some common causes of mold on drywall:
Water Damage:
Any form of water intrusion, such as leaks from pipes, roofs, or plumbing fixtures, can result in moisture buildup within the walls and promote mold growth on drywall. Even minor water leaks or prolonged exposure to high humidity can lead to mold infestation.
Insufficient Ventilation:
Inadequate ventilation in areas like bathrooms, kitchens, or basements can trap moisture and contribute to mold growth on drywall. Insufficient airflow allows humidity to accumulate, creating a damp environment that fosters mold development.
Condensation:
Condensation occurs when warm, moist air comes into contact with cooler surfaces, leading to water droplets forming on the drywall. Areas with inadequate insulation or thermal bridging can be prone to condensation, providing the moisture necessary for mold growth.
Flooding:
If your home experiences flooding or water intrusion, it can saturate the drywall and provide an ideal breeding ground for mold. Floodwater carries contaminants and spores, which can quickly colonize and spread on the drywall if not properly dried and treated.
Improperly Sealed or Damaged Drywall:
Cracks, gaps, or damaged sections in the drywall can allow moisture to penetrate and accumulate within the wall cavity. This moisture provides an ideal environment for mold spores to germinate and grow on the drywall surface.
Assessing the severity of mold infestation on drywall
When it comes to dealing with mold on drywall, it’s crucial to assess the severity of the infestation before taking any remedial actions. By understanding the extent of the mold problem, you can determine the appropriate steps to effectively remove the mold and restore the drywall’s condition. Here are some key factors to consider when assessing the severity of mold infestation on drywall:
Pro-tip: A good quality moisture meter can help locate moisture behind drywall.
Visual inspection
Begin by conducting a thorough visual inspection of the affected area. Look for visible signs of mold growth, such as black or green patches, discoloration, or fuzzy textures. Pay close attention to areas with high moisture levels or where water damage has occurred, as these are prime locations for mold growth.
Smell test
Mold often produces a distinct musty odor. If you notice an unpleasant smell in the area, it could indicate the presence of mold. However, keep in mind that not all mold infestations have a strong odor, especially in the early stages.
Water source
Identify the source of moisture that is promoting mold growth. It could be due to leaks, condensation, high humidity levels, or water damage from flooding. Understanding the underlying cause of moisture will help prevent future mold growth and guide your remediation efforts.
Surface discoloration
Examine the drywall for any discoloration or staining. Mold can cause visible changes in the color and texture of the drywall, ranging from dark spots to widespread stains. Take note of the size and coverage of the affected areas.
Structural integrity
Assess the structural integrity of the drywall. Mold can weaken the material over time, leading to deterioration and potential structural damage. Look for any signs of softening, warping, or crumbling of the drywall surface.
Hidden mold
Keep in mind that mold can also grow behind the drywall, especially if there has been prolonged exposure to moisture. Look for signs of peeling paint, bulging or sagging drywall, or areas that feel damp to the touch. In some cases, professional inspection may be necessary to detect hidden mold growth.
Based on your assessment of these factors, you can determine whether the mold infestation is minor, moderate, or severe. Minor cases of surface mold can often be addressed with DIY methods, while moderate to severe infestations may require professional assistance for thorough remediation.
How to safely remove mold from drywall
Removing mold from drywall should be done with caution to prevent the spread of mold spores and protect your health. Here is a step-by-step guide for doing so.
Safety precautions
Wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a mask or respirator, to avoid direct contact with mold and prevent inhalation of spores. Make sure you work in an area that is well-ventilated by opening windows and using fans.
Locate the affected area
Inspect the drywall thoroughly to identify the extent of the mold growth. Look for visible signs of mold, such as black or green patches, musty odors, or discoloration.
Contain the area
Seal off the affected area with plastic sheets or tarps to prevent mold spores from spreading to other parts of the house during the removal process. Use duct tape or a staple gun to secure the barriers.
Prepare the work area
Place a drop cloth or disposable plastic sheeting on the floor to catch any debris or mold particles that may fall during the removal process.
Wet the drywall
Lightly mist the mold-infested drywall with water using a spray bottle. This will help minimize the release of mold spores into the air during removal.
Remove the mold-infested Drywall
Using a utility knife, carefully cut out the mold-infested portion of the drywall. Make sure to cut at least 12 inches beyond the visible mold growth to ensure complete removal. Place the cut drywall sections into heavy-duty plastic bags and seal them tightly or take it outside.
Clean the remaining surfaces
Thoroughly clean the remaining surfaces of the drywall adjacent to the removed section. Use a damp cloth or sponge and a 50/50 water and white vinegar solution to wipe away any visible mold or residue. Avoid excessive scrubbing, as it may release more mold spores into the air.
Dry the area
Allow the cleaned area to completely dry by letting a fan blow on it.
Dispose of the mold-infested materials
Properly dispose of the sealed bags containing mold-infested drywall and any other contaminated materials.
Monitor for recurrence
Keep monitoring the area over the next week or two for any signs of recurring mold growth.
It’s important to note that extensive or severe mold infestations on drywall may require professional assistance. If you’re unsure about the scope of the problem or if the affected area is larger than 10 square feet, it’s recommended to consult a certified mold remediation specialist for proper evaluation and remediation.
Preventive measures
Mold resistant drywall:
Use mold-resistant drywall wherever possible. It costs a little bit more than the regular type and is not 100% foolproof, but it does drastically reduce the risk and can save you from a lot of problems later. They are available at most good hardware stores and even your local Home Depot.
Paint wall surfaces:
Drywall has a porous surface, and this allows fungal roots to dig their way down. This is the reason why unpainted drywall has to be cut out and replaced whenever mold appears on it. To reduce the amount of work required, make sure it’s painted. That way, the pores are sealed, and whatever mold grows it can simply be washed off. You can even take it a step further and use an antimicrobial paint.
Indoor humidity:
Consider investing in a good dehumidifier system to keep indoor humidity levels in check. This won’t only spare your walls from fungal growth but just about everything else too.
Moisture levels behind walls:
In a lot of cases, the problem is a leak behind walls where it’s out of sight. Periodically check the moisture levels behind your walls with the help of a quality moisture detector.
Monitor humidity in crawl spaces and basements:
Ensure that crawl spaces and basements are adequately ventilated and keep humidity levels low. Use dehumidifiers or install a vapor barrier to prevent moisture from seeping into the walls and causing mold growth.
More Information
Find out how moisture meters can help against mold
How antimicrobial paint prevents mold formation